ABSTRACT
This paper origin studies the origin of Alismatis Rhizoma in Chinese pharmacopoeia， and puts forward some suggestions for modification. Through the changes in the records of the source of Alismatis Rhizoma in the various versions of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the records of Flora of China and Materia Medica of China，it is found that the source of Alismatis Rhizoma in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia is confused. Specifically， the Chinese name of Alismatis Rhizoma does not correspond to the Latin name. As a common Chinese herbal medicine，Alismatis Rhizoma has a large market circulation. Many classic Chinese medicine prescriptions released by China Food and Drug Administration contain Alismatis Rhizoma. The development of the classic Chinese medicine prescriptions will further increase the market circulation of Alismatis Rhizoma. As a major national move to promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine， the study for classic Chinese medicine prescriptions requires defining the origin of the medicinal materials used，and the confused origin of Alismatis Rhizoma recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia seriously hinder the development of the classics. Therefore，in order to regulate the origin of Alismatis Rhizoma， ensure the clinical efficacy and promote the development of classic Chinese medicine prescriptions，the confused origin of Alismatis Rhizoma in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has to be resolved as soon as possible. Based on the analysis of the changes of Alismatis Rhizoma's producing areas in the past dynasties， it is found that the producing areas of Alismatis Rhizoma have continuous changed from Wei and Jin dynasties to present， and finally formed the current situation of Sichuan as the main producing area. In comparison of chemical composition，origin and market circulation of Alismatis Rhizoma in Sichuan Province that is the most productive， and Fujian Province that is the best quality， it is found that the two species are different in every aspects. Nowadays，Alisma plantago-aquatica occupies the majority of the market， which doesn't conform to Alisma orientale as specified in the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Therefore， through textual research and analysis， it is suggested that both A. plantago-aquatica and A. orientale. Shall be used as the origin of Alismatis Rhizoma. In the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia，Cassiae Semen，Schizonepetae Herba，Aisaematis Rhizoma，Fibraureae Caulis and Ajugae Herba have the same problem. This paper provides ideas for the revision of sources of traditional Chinese medicine.
ABSTRACT
To separate chlorogenic acid from low concentration ethanol and explore the influence of Donnan effect and solution-diffusion effect on the nanofiltration separation rule. The experiment showed that solution pH and ethanol volume percent had influences on the separation of chlorogenic acid. Within the pH values from 3 to 7 for chlorogenic acid in 30% ethanol, the rejection rate of chlorogenic acid was changed by 70.27%. Through the response surface method for quadratic regression model, an interaction had been found in molecule weight cut-off, pH and ethanol volume percent. In fixed nanofiltration apparatus, the existence states of chlorogenic acid determinedits separation rules. With the increase of ethanol concentration, the free form chlorogenic acid was easily adsorbed, dissolved on membrane surface and then caused high transmittance due to the solution-diffusion effect. However, at the same time, due to the double effects of Donnan effect and solution-diffusion effect, the ionic state of chlorogenic acid was hard to be adsorbed in membrane surface and thus caused high rejection rate. The combination of Box-Behnken design and response surface analysis can well optimize the concentrate process by nanofiltration, and the results showed that nanofiltration had several big advantages over the traditional vacuum concentrate technology, meanwhile, and solved the problems of low efficiency and serious component lossesin the Chinese medicines separation process for low concentration organic solvent-water solution.